Published in 1986 by DC Comics, this four-issue limited series by Frank Miller (writer/artist), Klaus Janson (inker), and Lynn Varley (colorist) was a nuclear bomb dropped on the Silver Age. It took a character who had been synonymous with campy, colorful detective work and turned him into a brutal, psychological war machine. Nearly forty years later, is not just a great comic; it is the foundation upon which the modern, cinematic understanding of Batman is built.

When the new Batman hits the streets in , it is not heroic. It is terrifying. He is not a detective; he is a hunter. The fight scenes are claustrophobic, ugly, and painful. When he beats the leader of the Mutants (in a legendary mud pit brawl), he doesn't use Krav Maga; he uses old-fashioned, dirty street fighting. He gets stabbed, he bleeds, and he keeps going.

What follows is the most iconic sequence in the book: Bruce Wayne, in the mansion, fighting gravity and his own decay. He climbs a rope, sweats, falls, and climbs again. He uses a medical machine to flush toxins from his blood. He rolls out a heavy metal case. The lightning strikes. The bats fly.

Frank Miller’s masterpiece endures because it touches a primal nerve. It is about refusing to compromise. It is about fighting even when you have lost. As a tired, bloody Bruce Wayne says to a broken Superman: "This is the weapon of the enemy. We do not need it. We will not use it."

He is talking about killing. But he is also talking about despair.